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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*sapy-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to sway, wave, shake upface="Times New Roman Star"ìàõàòü, ðàçâåèâàòü, âçáàëòûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"saby- (MK)








face="Times New Roman Star"sabyr- 'to blow (of wind)'






face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-



face="Times New Roman Star"sapyr-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 785. A possible derivative is sapan 'sling' (see ÝÑÒß 7).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:tyr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to walk, go roundface="Times New Roman Star"õîäèòü, îáõîäèòü âîêðóã

face="Times New Roman Star"kydyr- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr- (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qidir-


face="Times New Roman Star"Gydyr- (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"kytygyras 'ïðîâîðíûé, áûñòðûé, ðåçâûé (î çâåðå), ñêîðîõîä'


face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-; qydyn| 'ñåìåíÿùèé ïðè áåãå (î æèâ.)'face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qyd|yr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 185.
face="Times New Roman Star"*burkyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wrinkledface="Times New Roman Star"ñìîðùåííûéface="Times New Roman Star"burqyface="Times New Roman Star"burqy, burqyg| 'wrinkle'


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 360.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"gmeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"gum (of tooth)face="Times New Roman Star"äåñíà









face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|meface="Times New Roman Star"ko"gbe (Mat.), ko"ge (Kond.)
















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gekir-dekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"throat, trachea, cartilageface="Times New Roman Star"ãëîòêà, òðàõåÿ, õðÿù

face="Times New Roman Star"gegirtlek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kikerta"k (ÊÑÒÒ)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdakface="Times New Roman Star"keki(r)da"k

face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdek



face="Times New Roman Star"kagúr



face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek
face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdevikface="Times New Roman Star"kigerla"k (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"kegirdek

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, ÝÑÒß 5, 26, Ëåêñèêà 232. In many languages the word was influenced by the verb *ge:kir- 'to belch'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:.sykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"groinface="Times New Roman Star"ïàõface="Times New Roman Star"qasyg| (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kasykface="Times New Roman Star"qasyqface="Times New Roman Star"qasyq (IM, R - Vam.)


face="Times New Roman Star"GasyGface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:syq



face="Times New Roman Star"xyza






face="Times New Roman Star"qat|yq (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 239, EDT 666, ÝÑÒß 5, 331-332, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kon|ur-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to tear out, uprootface="Times New Roman Star"âûäèðàòü, âûðûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur- (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ar- (Abush., Áîð. Áàä.)









face="Times New Roman Star"xon|un-, xon|nor-face="Times New Roman Star"kon|or-face="Times New Roman Star"xuna-










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 281, EDT 640, ÝÑÒß 6, 65, Stachowski 152.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kun-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to rob, plunder, attackface="Times New Roman Star"ãðàáèòü, íàïàäàòüface="Times New Roman Star"qun- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qun- (MK)




face="Times New Roman Star"q`un-
face="Times New Roman Star"Gunus?- (dial.)






face="Times New Roman Star"xuna:-
face="Times New Roman Star"qun-








face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 141, VEWT 300, EDT 632.
face="Times New Roman Star"*busface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"steam, fogface="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"pus
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (Ettuhf., CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bus (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"pus

face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s

face="Times New Roman Star"busface="Times New Roman Star"bus

face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"bot|




face="Times New Roman Star"pusface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 370, ÝÑÒß 2, 277, Ëåêñèêà 34. Turk. > Russ. dial. bus 'drizzle, flour dust', see Àíèêèí 146.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to peel off (skin), to skinface="Times New Roman Star"ñäèðàòü (øêóðó)
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-





face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-













face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 984, ÝÑÒß 4, 261.
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"gu"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to roast meat 2 roasted meat, meat for roastingface="Times New Roman Star"1 æàðèòü (ìÿñî) 2 æàðåíîå ìÿñî, ìÿñî äëÿ æàðåíèÿface="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (MK), so"gu"s? 2 (MK Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) so"gu"r-, so"vu"r- 1, so"vis?, so"gu"s? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (AH), so"gu"s? 2



face="Times New Roman Star"so"vu"s? 2




face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l- 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l- 1











face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 821, 823, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 251.
face="Times New Roman Star"*july-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to pillage, attack 2 thief, scoundrelface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðàáèòü, íàïàäàòü 2 âîð, áðîäÿãà, ãîëîäðàíåöface="Times New Roman Star"july- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"july- (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"jolqys? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us (Sag.), c?ulg|as (Koib., Kach.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"c?ulg|us? 2




face="Times New Roman Star"c?ul- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ulu-s?- 'to fight (of women)'

face="Times New Roman Star"jolqos? 2





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919. Should be separated from *jol- 'pick out' (v. sub *n/o>\lo).
face="Times New Roman Star"*usface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mind, reason 2 way of using smth.face="Times New Roman Star"1 óì, ðàññóäîê 2 ñïîñîá èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ÷åãî-ë.face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2 (MK), us 1 (MK - Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"us 1
face="Times New Roman Star"us 1 (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"os 1, os- 'to think'



face="Times New Roman Star"úw|s 1









face="Times New Roman Star"us 1


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 240, 245, ÝÑÒß 1, 606-607.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ba:kanaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sheep skin 2 lamb 3 babyface="Times New Roman Star"1 îâå÷üÿ øêóðà 2 ÿãíåíîê 3 ðåáåíîê

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|an 1, (dial.) bag|alak, bag|nak 1, bag|ana 3
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (R)face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (Khor.)

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1








face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan, bag|ylan 'lamb that has stopped suckling', bag|yldyr 'wild lamb, 1-year-old mountain goat'face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 2




face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan 'a well-fed early lamb'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 55, Ëåêñèêà 390. The Kypchak form bag|lan 'lamb' has hardly anything to do with Tat., Kaz. baqlan 'cormorant' (despite TMN 2, 298, Àíèêèí 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ormanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"forestface="Times New Roman Star"ëåñface="Times New Roman Star"orman (OUygh. late)
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.rman


face="Times New Roman Star"ormon (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rman



face="Times New Roman Star"ormonface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"orma"nface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 371, ÝÑÒß 1, 472-473.
face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)ar-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 house 2 home, householdface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîñòðîéêà, çäàíèå 2 äîì, èìóùåñòâîface="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bark 2
face="Times New Roman Star"barq 2 (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bary 'fence'


















face="Times New Roman Star"baru 'fence'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359-360, VEWT 63, 66, ÝÑÒß II 62. Bark is traditionally linked with ba:r 'there is', bary 'belongings', but cf. the Az. word which can be hardly explained in this way.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pay respectface="Times New Roman Star"îòíîñèòüñÿ óâàæèòåëüíîface="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (Yenis., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr-






face="Times New Roman Star"xaj-





face="Times New Roman Star"xaj de:r 'to still, pacify'
face="Times New Roman Star"qajys?-face="Times New Roman Star"qajys-







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 674, ÝÑÒß 5, 194.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEneface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"again, also, howeverface="Times New Roman Star"ñíîâà, òàêæå, îäíàêî
face="Times New Roman Star"kene (MKypch.)face="Times New Roman Star"gene




face="Times New Roman Star"ga"na"



















face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 115.
face="Times New Roman Star"*E:rigface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"rough, largeface="Times New Roman Star"ãðóáûé, êðóïíûéface="Times New Roman Star"erig (OUygh.) 'wild'face="Times New Roman Star"erig (MK) 'lively, energetic'face="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>face="Times New Roman Star"iri (Áîð. Áàä.), irik (Áîð. Áàä., Pav. C.), erig (Qutb.)face="Times New Roman Star"jirikface="Times New Roman Star"irik, jirik
face="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"i:ri








face="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>

face="Times New Roman Star"iriface="Times New Roman Star"iri

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 221, 222, ÝÑÒß 1, 371-372. Modern languages reveal a secondary vowel narrowing. Turk. > Hung. o"reg.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kytface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"not enough, insufficientface="Times New Roman Star"íåäîñòàòî÷íûé, ñêóäíûé

face="Times New Roman Star"kyt; kytlyk 'Ungenu"gendheit, Hungersnot'
face="Times New Roman Star"qyt (AH, IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"qitig|ir 'miserly'
face="Times New Roman Star"Gytface="Times New Roman Star"Gyt
face="Times New Roman Star"qytyj 'miserly'

face="Times New Roman Star"x@d@x 'compulsion'

face="Times New Roman Star"qydyg| 'oppressed'
face="Times New Roman Star"qydyq 'dwarf', qytyj- 'secretive', qytyraj- 'lean and small'face="Times New Roman Star"qytyqtan- 'to be offended'face="Times New Roman Star"qytface="Times New Roman Star"qytlyq 'hunger' (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qyt
face="Times New Roman Star"qytface="Times New Roman Star"qyt
face="Times New Roman Star"qytface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 268, ÝÑÒß 6, 252.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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